Dokokin tsabanin farashin na'ura

fuladun gudu na austenitic

Fuladun gudu na austenitic yana da binciken fcc (face-centered cubic) na austenite (yaya na γ). Misalai masu amfani 304,316, kikin wanda ba a magance ba

Kikin wanda ba a magance ba, kuma yana da ƙasƙantarwar gudun kwalliya.

Ba za a iya canza iyakokin da ke cikin shi ba kware ba tare da ƙasƙantar gudun kwalliya.

Kikin wanda ba a magance ba, mai kyauwa a tsawon zerrin gudu, mai saukin gyara da kuma mai saukin kirkira wani daga cikin siffofin da suke tsakanin wannan nau'in fuladu.

fuladun gudu na ferritic

Fuladun gudu na ferritic shine wani nau'i na fuladun gudu wanda yana da binciken ferritic a lokacin amfani. Misalai masu amfani 405,430, kikin wanda ba a magance ba

Ayyukan ƙarƙashin zuwa da karkara sosai ya tafi yaushe na abin da ke ciki na stainless steel na austenitic; yana da alhassuna mai tsawon zahabi a tsawon hannu; ba za a iya samar da shi da saukewa ba kuma yana da alhassuna mai sauƙin aiki a zahabi sanyaya.

Saban adduwa na ferrite phase, ba za a iya quenching harden ferritic stainless steel ba. Yana nuna babbar tauraro da karkara sosai a cikin yanayin annealed. Wannan abu shine zahabi a tsawon hannu. Yana da sauƙin tansportin zahabi, alhassuna maiƙanƙanta na thermal expansion, alhassuna mai sauƙin aiki don cire zahabi, kuma alhassuna mai sauƙin aiki don cire karkara sosai, wanda ke nufin yin amfani da shi don samar da abubuwa da ke tafiya zuwa cikin gabanin, tsaba, ruwa, kuma karkara sosai na sania. Amma, wannan nofo na abu na da alhassuna da ba su da alhassuna sosai kuma babbar tauraro da karkara sosai da ke cikin zuwa da karkara sosai bayan yin hanyar tsangaya, wanda ke nufin saƙo na nufin. Ana amfani da shi a tsakanin ƙwararwar gida, abubuwa na heavy oil burner, abin da ke ciki na gida, kuma abubuwan gida.

Martensitic stainless steel (M)

Martensitic stainless steel yana nufin wadannan matrix ya yi martensitic structure, amfani da su ne kamar 403,416,420,440;

Matsalolin martensitic stainless steel suna da strong magnetism a tsawon zerrin, matsalolin matsa da su ba a ciki ba, amma matsalolin jiki su cikin ƙarin, kuma yana amfani da shi ne kamar matsalolin jiki mai girma.

Yawa da ƙimaƙimin ƙima, kusan daga cikin ƙima. A cikin saitin da keɓewa da aka saitin da ya fi 1150°℃, girman ƙima ya ƙarƙara girma. Wani abu ne mai yunƙuri ko kuma yawan ƙarƙashin yunƙuri zai hada da ƙima ta ƙima, idan aka sa ita ga 475°℃. Zarin ƙima a cikin girman ƙima bata dace ba, kuma 30Cr13,40Cr13,40Cr17Mo, da 95Cr18 suna da yawan ƙima, a karkashin bata iya amfani da keɓewa ba. Martensitic stainless steels suna da saitin da keɓewa da fahimci, kuma zai iya amfani da quenching don ƙima. Daga amfani da yawan chromium, suna da kyauyar ƙima, kuma zai iya canzawa tsawon, girman, da kuma ƙima ta wajin yawan yin tayarawa. Martensitic stainless steels na yawan karbon suna da yawan ƙima, idan aka sa ita ga wani abu ne mai yawan ƙima da kuma abin gudun tushen. A karkashin anake amfani da su a cikin abubuwan da keɓewa kamar shafts, piston rods, pumps, valves, springs, da kuma abubuwa da ke ƙarfafa da yawan dajin dantata, yawan ƙima, da kuma tushen zuwa ga nitrates da kuma organic acid corrosion.

Biphasic stainless steel ya yi la'akari da ƙima da austenite wanda kowa ke ƙima sosai 50%, ammanan kadan na phase shine ƙananan 30% na stainless steel. Nau'in guda wanda ya sami alama na austenitic da ferritic stainless steel. Wato amma a yayin da aka yi: 2205.

Daga ferrite, yana da plasticity da toughness mai ƙarfi, babu brittleness na zango mai kyau, keɓaɓɓiya mai ƙarfi na intergranular corrosion resistance da welding properties, sannan kuma yana da 475℃ brittleness na ferritic stainless steel, aladu mai ƙarfi da superplasticity.

Daga austenitic stainless steel, shi yana da ƙima mai ƙarfi da kuma yana da tafia zuwa intergranular corrosion da chloride stress corrosion.

Molybdenum-containing duplex stainless steel ya da shidda mai ƙarfi zuwa chloride stress corrosion a kewayar stress mai kudu.

Yana da korikyata mai ƙarfi da kuma shidda mai ƙarfi zuwa wear corrosion. Muke amfani da shi don yiyan pumps, valves da sauran alama na uku a cikin certain corrosive media conditions.

Za su faru ala wani dangane da gaskiya. Yana da ƙarfi da karkara da karkara.

Tare da gaskiya, mai yawa da karkara na gudun taya, a karkashin ba za a buɗe kafin weld da ba za a yi gudun gwargwado bayan weld ba.

Bayanin da aka yi kula zuwa stainless steel na austenitic, yana da ƙarfi na ƙarfi da karkara da ko'effisien na taya na linear expansion, wato yana iya amfani da sauye na alamun da ke cikin ƙasa da kuma yin plates composite. Shine aiki don yin tube cores na exchangers na taya, kuma taya na ƙarfi ƙarfi shekara shine a tsakanin stainless steel na austenitic.

Ba za a iya amfani da shi a cikin alamun da ke ƙasa fiye da 300℃ ba.

Za a iya amfani da stainless steel na biphasic a cikin al'ada na fito na nafti, zahabi, tashar kira, nafti, kimiya da sauran alamun exchangers na taya, cold condensers da alamun da suka gudanar da gishin, taya, da karkara na nitric acid.

precipitation-hardening stainless steel

Furɗo na istanlissi da keɓa ko martensitiki, wanda aka tushewa (mada) ta furɗo na tushen iska (kuma anan kira ita da tushen aging). Misalai masu amfani shine 630,660, kunkuma.

Furɗo na istanlissi mai tushen iska ta haɗa gyaran wadannan nau'ojin furɗo, da tushen iska na furɗon istanlissi na austenitiki da tushen girma na furɗon istanlissi na martensitiki.

Furɗo na istanlissi mai tushen iska yana da gyaran tushen girma da tushen iska mai kyau. Tushen iska na'udan ba ta taba da composition na kimia ba, amma ta taba da tushen iska, na kuma tsakanin tsawon tushen iska.

Furɗo na istanlissi da ke tushen iska shine furɗo na girma mai girma. A cikin amfani na sanidina, buƙatar kiran zaɓin hydrogen da kuma tushen iska mai girma.

Yana amince a yankunan da ke buƙatar tama da ƙima da kuma tama da gajere, kamar yawa babban ƙarƙashin turbine, tsibirin gama, alhakin aikin, takarda fanta, abubuwan da ke cikin chamber na zaƙƙaka na fadin jinƙi, petrochemicals, iyayyen, reactor na yantaru, steam turbines, forgejin tama da ƙima, valve na systemolin da ke ƙarƙashin cewa, sauransu