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Yaushe Manufar Sauƙi Na Yanzu Ta Fara Karbar Karkashin Tabbatarwa Ta Haɗa Da Tafarki Na Tsawon Gini A Masu Zuwa
Time : 2025-11-03
Me kake "Koyon farko mai sauƙi" yaƙeyar yawan shekarun aiki na girni?
Ƙoyon karburayi ya fara bayan sauya kan furci—basa yayin da furci ta karewa ba
A sarayin samar da girni, akwai hakika mai dacewa: "Nisa daya na nasarar karburayi tana cikin koyon farko." Duk lokaci manyan batutuwan kualitin karburayi a wani wurin samarawa—alamar mai nisa, tsakanin girman alamar, kututtukan farko, katutan angyasan karfin tafiya, da sauran—za su iya kimatawa ne babu kuskuren furci ko kayan kimiyyar mara nasara, amma kuskuren koyon farko zuwa karburayi.
Tsakanin girman alamar watare shine daya daga cikin abubuwan mai tsoro masu mahimmanci ga girni. Nassoshi sun tafi hanyar baya kawai har ma tsakanin karfin tafiya:
- Alamar mai nisa → Yaɗaddua ga kututtukan farko
- Tsakanin girman alamar → Tsakanin girmama na goyon tushen karfi
- Girman alamar karami a tsankanin juyawa → Karamin karfin tafiya ta hanyar zartawa
- Tsakanin tsari na sama → Karancin abin da za'a kira "layers mai zurfi" ko karewa bayan kammalawa
- Ƙara yawan amo da rashin kwanciyar hankali → Rashin aikin NVH (Muryar, Vibration, Harshness)
A takaice: zurfin yanayin da ba daidai ba shine bam din lokaci don farkon gazawar kaya.
Abubuwa Uku da Ba a Kula da Su Ba Kafin Aiki da ke Bayyana Sakamakon Carburizing
1. Ƙarƙashin ƙasa Rashin cikakkiyar ragewa → Kariya mai yiwuwa na Carbon da Asymmetric Carburization
Sa'ad da aka cire kitsen, ana cire ɗigon mai da ke cikin man fetur da sauran ruwan sanyaya da gumi da ke fitowa daga hannaye da kuma sauran abubuwa da ke gurɓata jiki. Rashin isasshen cirewa yana haifar da:
- Fim ɗin mai da ke toshe watsawar ƙarfin carbon
- Rage ƙimar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar karɓar
- Ƙananan zurfin yanayin ko ma "fararen wurare" da "masu laushi"
Wadannan yankunan matsala suna da saukin kamuwa da cutar a aikace-aikacen da ke da matukar damuwa kamar akwatunan gearboxes.
2. Ka yi tunani a kan wannan. Ba a cire Scale ba → Tsarin Carbon Barrier Layer
Ƙarƙashin ƙirar ƙirar ƙira suna da nauyin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙaran
- Yankunan da aka toshe carbon har ma a cikin tsarin karbar iska
- 20%50% rage zurfin shari'ar
- Ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan
- "Rashin karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar karbar kar
Gear da wannan lahani suna da saukin kamuwa da rami bayan gogewarashin isasshen taurin farfajiya haɗe da taurin ciki yana haifar da haɗarin damuwa mai haɗari.
3. Ka yi tunani a kan wannan. Ba daidai ba cajin tanda → toshe gida carburizing hanyoyi
Aikin saka tukunyar wuta ya fi "shigar da kayan aiki a ciki" wuya. Yana da tasiri kai tsaye:
- Tsarin zagayawar gas na murhu
- Yankin da gas ɗin murhu ya haɗu
- Tausayin yawan carbon potential a dutsen dukkaɗin sauyi
Yadda za’a nema kasa ta tambayi:
- Zauna mai tsotin abubuwa → Dabin gaban madugu
- Karkashin ko tushen bayan bayan → Fassarar wuraren na nawa
- Neman wuri mai karanci → Kuskuren yanke gas na furnace
- Neman wuri na kebabɓe da girma da wani mai ƙarfi → Babban baya kan haliyar ruhu saboda bambance-bambance na alama'a na ruhu
Wadannan masalolin suna faruwa masu iyaka a wurin aiki karfi don haka zai faruwa.
Ƙarin gargadi na babban baya kan madugu: Babban farko daga babban baya kan carbon potential
Munyiyya mai kyau na carburizing shine: Atoms na Carbon → Ya zuwa cikin dutsen steel → Samun yawan daidaiton da takaitacciyenta
Lokacin da ke kashe, ke barke ko neman wuri ya kama da kama da ikojin dutsen samun carbon:
- Kamar yadda yake kara guduwa
- Zaune na karboni sun karuwa
- Zunane mai karboni na imbari sun formation
- Yankin martensite na waje ya kama
- Tafalawa ta kama da 50–150 HV
- Tsawon aljana ta kasance tsali da 0.1–0.3 mm
- Alkawari na karbi na waje ta kama
A karshe, girde-girde sun nuna kuskuren farko wato:
- Pitting
- Spalling
- Microcracks
- Tsofaffun hankali mai yawa
- An kare cin mutuwa ta wani abubuwa (sawan nan 30–60% kurter)
Alamar irin wuraren da suka faru ne saboda iyaka mai iyakar case depth
- Pitting tare da tafarki a wasu yanayin girma na tooth surface (bata dabi'a ba)
- Babban tafarki na hardness (misali: HRC 60 vs. HRC 54)
- Tafarki mai ban sha'awa tsakanin iyakar left da right na tooth surfaces
- Canjin case depth profile ta hanyar yaya ko cuta
- Wandonsa metallographic yana nuna damar yin ferrite mai iyaka a sama
- Distributa na hardness bata da gradient mai zurfi (yana nuna canje-canje ko kuturu mai sudden)
Wadannan alamar duka sun nuna abin daya: tsokaci a ma'adduwar farko ta dabarren sabon karburayi da ba a iya kama.
Yaya za a iya wasu tsokacin girma na wuta?
1. Sanya standar mai tsauri na cire alkoholin
- Gwadawa mai yawan yankin alkoholin
- Cire albarkat tare da ultrasonic (an kira sosai)
- Za a cire alkoholin tare da ruwan mutum
- Tsawon yanke ruwa ta hanyar zane-zane
- "Gwadawa na ruwa" don tabbatar da sahihna na sama
2. Kammala hanyoyin cire gurasa
Yi amfani da hanyoyin da keidansa:
- Sandaɓashin (tatsuniyar SA2.5 ta auna)
- Tandem pickling + neutralization
- Gwargwarwa na makini
- Laser derusting (hanyar aiki mai yawa)
Manzuri: Samun sahuɗin metal kai tsaye ba tare da alawa ko scale na oxide
3. Haɗa Fasalin Kauyen Gini
Fara SOPs gida (Standard Operating Procedures):
- X koyi uku zuwa ga kowa layi
- Kaura tushen harshen bisa harshen
- Kusanta cikin kauyen gini ya zama maimakon
- Zaɓi kai tsakanin saukar da gear din satar da kara
- Yi amfani da abubuwan gurbin tushen da aka yadda
4. Tabbatar da Tatturarnin Carburizing tare da Abubuwan Test
Wasu jihohin shawara:
- Abubuwan test na iya (Ø20×20 mm)
- Saukar furnace ta hanyar gears na production a tokon
- Tabbatar da ƙarfi da ma'auni na metallographic
- Gwajin production ta hanyar bayanin da aka ambaci
Gudummawar farko na Incarburizing: Yankin farawa don kwaliti na gear
Carburizing wata daga cikin mahimmancin matakanin faburka na gear, amma 'wasu matsayi mai sauƙi, da za a sami kuwa' da suka gabata suna ne suke hada da kwalitun yanayi: Sai dai doki ɗaya na zuma mai adalci, mai kyaukaito na oxide scale, diga daya mai dabara ko angle mai sauƙi na loading—wannan duka zai iya raguwar halittun batch din gears.
Dua: Tabbatar da abubuwan da ke tsakanin yana fara baya ne sai haka, amma tare da nasarar ayyukan farko. Yau da kullum ake sanya sarrafawa da ke iya amfani da su fiye da yawa kuma kama da dadiyar aikin su.
