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Menene Zane na Tushen Tushen?
Time : 2025-09-05
Tushen tushen tushen shine ɗaya daga cikin ƙwayoyin da suke ƙwayoyin da ake amfani da su a yau da kullum, kuma a yiyuɗuwa shine yin tattara matsayin tattara, alaka da ƙarfi, da sauti na masinayi. A cikin abubuwan da ke da muhimmanci Zane na Tushen (CR) yana zai muhimmanci don nufin tushen tushen. Yana da aikin muhimmi a kibba, alhakin, alaka da kewayon karami, da sauti. Wannan makala zai duba cikin abubuwan da suke muhimmanci, abubuwan lissafi, tsarin tsari, da amfani akan inganci a wani hanyar da zai taimaka don masinkanta da aburen mutane.
1. Nuna'akura da Karamin Tabbatarwa
1.1 Nema Ibi daya Tabbatarwa
Ibi daya Tabbatarwa (CR) ya ke nufin tsawon koma biyu na tuntuwar da ke cikin ƙauye waqtan tuntuwar tuntuwa. a cikin ilmin zane-zane, ana iya wannan sifitin tuni a cikin girman tsawon meshing line zuwa tsawon base pitch (kimantin bayan duka biyu da suka shafi cikin tuntuwar base circle). CR da ke fi 1 shine wata alama ne na tuntuwar tuntuwa mai tsari -yana tattara cewa tuntuwar biyu na gaba za a tuntuwa shine zuwa kafin tuntuwar biyu na zuwa ta tuntuwa.
1.2 Ma'ana Mai Istilam na Ibi daya Tabbatarwa
Ibi daya Tabbatarwa ta ke tattara tsari mai zuwa wajen tuntuwar tuntuwa:
- Tarihin Tuntuwar Tuntuwa : CR mai yana da ƙarin teeth sun share beban a karkashin, wanda ya kara ƙarin zarin beban per tooth kuma ya ƙarin sauyin transmission.
- Kibata da Tsohon Kontrol : CR mai suficien ya kasa buƙata a lokacin da teeth sun haɗa da kuma sun fito, don haka ya kasa ƙarin zarin kibata da sauyin tsoho.
- Alamar Shigo na Beban : Beban mai tafiyar a karkashin ƙarin teeth yana kasa ƙarin alamar a cikin kowane tooth, wanda ya kara mafi girma na sauyin gear.
- Sauyar Transmission : Ya taka leda wajen nufin sauyi, yana kasa ƙarin kuskurewa a cikin ma'aiki na sauyi.
1.3 Nufin Contact Ratio
Contact ratio ana sakkanta shi base daga cikin karakterin ƙanƙanta na gear da kuma nisa na meshing:
- Transverse Contact Ratio (εα) : A cikin saƙo na ƙarshen (sama na radial) na takaddun, zamu iya amfani da shi don kira da helical gears.
- Ƙima na Takkula (εβ) : Wani abu ne mai ma'ana zuwa helical gears, ya faruwa ne a cikin saman (ƙarshen takaddun) masu girma de zuwa helix angle.
- Ƙima ta Karkata (εγ) : Jimlar ƙima na saman da ƙima na takkula (εγ = εα + εβ), wanda ke nuna matsayin helical gears a karkatarwa.
2. Niyon Lissafin Cikin Kadanin Takaddun Masu Dabba
2.1 Lissafi na Ƙima na Takkula don Spur Gear
Spur gears kawai ke amfani da ƙima na saman (εα), ana lissafinta tare da uku daga cikin masu mahimmanci:
(1) Formula na Saman Takkula
Formula na tsohu na ƙima na saman shine:
εα = [√(ra₁² - rb₁²) + √(ra₂² - rb₂²) - a·sinα'] ÷ (π·m·cosα)
Don:
εα = [√(ra₁² - rb₁²) + √(ra₂² - rb₂²) - a·sinα'] ÷ (π·m·cosα)
Don:
- ra₁, ra₂ = Radiyosin da ke cikin addendum na gudun gwiwa da gudun ɗaya
- rb₁, rb₂ = Radiyosin da ke cikin base na gudun gwiwa da gudun ɗaya
- a = Juzi na dada fasahon a cikin gudunan
- α' = Yatin da ke aiki na tushen hankali
- m = Module
- α = Yatin tushen hankali ta standadin (sauran 20°)
(2) Kimantawa ta yin girman ƙarshen
Sannan CR ta dace daga kimantawa na girman L (L) zuwa yin gurbin (pb), zanin na iya kiran sa kuma a matsayin:
εα = L ÷ pb = L ÷ (π·m·cosα)
εα = L ÷ pb = L ÷ (π·m·cosα)
(3) Formula na Gudun Gidan Sauran Gears
Don standard-installed (a = a₀) standard gears (addendum coefficient ha* = 1, clearance coefficient c* = 0.25), kimantawa ta zama:
εα = [z₁(tanαa₁ - tanα') + z₂(tanαa₂ - tanα')] / (2π)
Inda αa = Addendum daidaitan tushen angle.
εα = [z₁(tanαa₁ - tanα') + z₂(tanαa₂ - tanα')] / (2π)
Inda αa = Addendum daidaitan tushen angle.
2.2 Kimantawa na Helical Gear Contact Ratio
Helical gears suna da transverse da kuma face contact ratios, wanda ke nufin CR total mai yawa kuma mai karfama dib kafin gears na spur.
(1) Transverse Contact Ratio (εα)
An kimanta shine kamar gears na spur amma amfani da transverse parameters (tsawon takarda mt, takarda na ƙarfin αt) akwai zaɓiyan takamai daidai.
(2) Takarda Ƙarfi na Sarrafa (εβ)
εβ = b·sinβ / (π·mn) = b·tanβ / pt
Don:
Don:
- b = Tsawon hannu
- β = Takarda na Helix
- mn = Tsawon takamai
- pt = Tsawon takarda
(3) Jimlar Takarda Ƙarfi (εγ)
εγ = εα + εβ
Gadolin Helical suna samun alama na CR ta jimlar 2.0–3.5, wanda ke tafiyar teburin 1.2–1.9 na gadolin spur.
Gadolin Helical suna samun alama na CR ta jimlar 2.0–3.5, wanda ke tafiyar teburin 1.2–1.9 na gadolin spur.
hisabinta 2.3 Na Tsawon Tasho Na Gidan Tasho
Tsawon gidan tasho (inda ƙasa daga cikin ɗaya kekara a cikin ɗaya) ya amfani da fomula na tsawon tasho na ƙarshen, take amfani da batun halayen addendum da dedendum circles:
εα = [√(ra₁² - rb₁²) - √(ra₂² - rb₂²) + a·sinα'] / (π·m·cosα)
Yi gesi: ra₂ a nan ya nufi zuwa babban girman addendum circle na gidan tasho.
εα = [√(ra₁² - rb₁²) - √(ra₂² - rb₂²) + a·sinα'] / (π·m·cosα)
Yi gesi: ra₂ a nan ya nufi zuwa babban girman addendum circle na gidan tasho.
3. Abubuwan Masu Muhammara na Tsawon Tasho
3.1 Masu Amafan Na Geometrical
| Paramita | Aikace-aikacen a Tsawon Tasho | Sharhi |
|---|---|---|
| Lokacin Iyakokin (z) | Z aƙama → Z aƙama CR | Matsaka da iyakokin yawan ta fi yin bayanai |
| Mahimmacin (m) | Kasa mai yawa | Yawan ta fi iyakokin tushen, emma ta fi ƙarin tushen |
| Jihohin Tushen (α) | Α aƙama → CR kasa | Standard α shine 20°; 15° ana amfani da shi don CR da yawa |
| Jimillar Addendum (ha*) | Ha* aƙama → CR aƙama | Ƙimar da ƙarancin yake zai sa zangarwar tushen gwargwado |
3.2 Ma'ana Na Gidan Dan Kwanta Na Helical
- Madaidaicin Helix (β) : β mai girma zai sa ƙarin kwalin tushen fata (εβ) amma kuma zai sa ƙarin tushen kusurwa, zai buƙatar takaici mai girma.
- Madaidaicin Dukkan (b) : b mai tsawo zai sa ƙarin εβ a cikin ƙarin, amma an kara shi da alamar gudunƙi da kuma tushen aikace-aikacen.
3.3 Ma'ana Na Tushen Aikace-aikace
- Tafiyar Daban (a) : a mai girma zai sa CR ya kashe; ana iya amfani da wannan don gyara shi gudunƙi na profile-shifted .
- Matsalar Kwayakwayo na Tsennar : Karin matsalar kwayakwayo na ƙarƙashin yana iya ƙarin CR, amma dole ne a taka leda da sauran alamomin aiki (misali, tsinkin hannun kwaya).
4. Nemo da Kwayakwayar Tsennar
4.1 Batu-Batu na Nemo Mai Banza
- Ƙa'ida-Ƙa'ida na Tsennar : Gidan tsennar na asuba suna buƙata εα ≥ 1.2; tsennar mai zinza suna buƙata εα ≥ 1.4.
- Ƙa'ida-Ƙa'ida Mai Kyau : Tsennar guda: 1.2–1.9; Tsennar mada: 2.0–3.5.
- Izale Tsennar na Inta : Tsennar inte ya iya haifar da karkashin tushen kwaya, yana ƙarin tafiyar
4.2 Tsarin Yadda Ake Karewa Kusurwa na Kontakt
-
Parameter optimization
- Kaddar sayi na tushen (saya module idan ratio na tsari ta tsayawa).
- Zaɓi tushen kama ɗaya mai ƙaranci (misali, 15° sakan 20°).
- Kaddar sayi na addendum (tare da tattauna na iya ƙadawa).
-
Zaɓin Nau'in Tushen
- Tushen helical yana da prioriteti akan tushen spur don samar da CR mai girma.
- Amfani da tushen double helical ko herringbone don mutuwa da alhurin axial sannan ake girma CR.
-
Tsarin Shigo na Profile
- Shigo mai kyau na profile ya nufi cikin yankin meshing.
- An gyara tushen kama (shigo na kama mai tsari) ya sa meshing characteristics ta ƙaddu.
-
Zamfawa Na Doki
- Anbaƙar addendum ya kama da saukin ƙarɓar doki.
- Crowning ta ƙara tushen takaici na doki.
4.3 Tasawa CR da sauran alamomi na aiki
- Tushen Taka : CR mai ƙarƙata ya kama da saukin taka daya kuma kake da saƙo na doki; zaɓi girman doki idan hake.
- Tushen Doki : Maita doki masu doki ya ƙara ingancin doki.
- Inganci : CR mai yawa ya ƙara saukin gudu; nuna iya sau da alƙaƙƙiya.
- Tashe : CR ba da integer ya fito da alhakin maita doki, ya kama da saukin alhakin kai.
5. Aikacewa na Inginiyarin lissafin Tushen Rogi
5.1 Ranyoyin Rogi na Tsarin Rogi
- Makin Tsarin Rogi na Alama : Rogi na tsarin digiri ya amma εα = 1.4–1.6 don kiyaye aiki na cuttawa daidai.
- Rogin Na'ura na Makin : Rogin Helical suke amfani da εβ don nuna NVH (Sauta, Jilbanta, Kankara) tsarin.
5.2 Zonkawa da Zonkawa na Tsarin
- Zonkawa na Jilbanta : Alama na CR tana nuna cewa aiki na sauta ya dace; zonkawa na CR ke nufi da jilbanta daidai.
- Kontrolin Sauta : Tacewa a gefe na CR ya kasance kirewa da kuma fadin guda, na maimakon yawan yaran (misali, sunayen na aliyar kewayar guda).
5.3 Sakamakon Aiki na Musamman
- Sunayen Mai Amfani Da Tsawon : Masinai na ƙwallon yankan uses εγ ≥ 2.5 don faya da alhakin yawan yaran.
- Sunayen Yawan Yara : Sunayen Aerospace zaki εα ≥ 1.5 don canzawa alhakin shiga a yawan yaran na ƙarƙashin.
- Sunayen Matafiya : Masinai na robot zaki CR don nomaƙi da kuma kuskurewa na transmission.
6. Sauran kwalla da Zukewa
Yawan yaran na CR shine manufar mai amfani da suka fuskantar sunayen guda, kuma saukin saukin saukin saukin nau'ikan yin amfani da suka fuskantar sunayen guda. Daga cikin wani abu na tsawon takaddun, CR ta canza zuwa babban alamar wanda ke nuna cikin takaddun na takaddun na takaddun na takaddun, an haifar da ita ta fuskantar takaddun da saukin saukin. Zukewa na gaba zai kasancewa akan:
- Takaitaccen Nazarin Multi-Physics : Wannan ya kara da zuwa kama da tsawon, kwarai da kariyan jiki domin hisabin CR.
- Matsayin lokacin amma : Tsarin IoT wanda aka yi amfani da shi domin muhasebancin CR a cikin yanayi da kuma ma'ajiyar halin.
- Tsarin Takkamaren Takkamari : Madaffin aiki wanda ke nuna siffar takkamaren da suke canzawa lafiya.
- Aikin Sabbin Abubuwa : Tattaunawa akan lakkabin CR a cikin madaffin abubuwan da aka yi composition.
A yau da kullun, inganci dole ne su saita paramitaCR zuwa yanayin aiki guda, tada tafiyar, alamar yawa da sauye. Sannan kuma, matsayin tattara da matsayin sauye na iya taka leda akan madaffa CR, don haka, kula da kara tsarin kualiti ya dace domin samun alamar farko.
